Mood disorders, also known as affective disorders, are a category of mental health issues that impact a person's mood and emotional state. The most common types of mood disorders are depression and bipolar disorder.
Depression involves feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and lack of interest that last for weeks or months at a time. Some key symptoms of depression include:
- Loss of energy and constant fatigue - Difficulty concentrating and remembering details - Changes in sleep and appetite - Feelings of guilt and worthlessness - Suicidal thoughts
Bipolar disorder causes extreme shifts in mood and energy levels. With bipolar disorder, a person oscillates between periods of mania - extremely elevated mood and energy - and periods of depression. The manic phase can cause risky, impulsive behaviors.
Some other mood disorders include:
- Dysthymia - a mild but chronic form of depression - Seasonal Affective Disorder - depression linked to changes in seasons, especially winter - Postpartum depression - depression after giving birth
What causes mood disorders? Mood disorders are often caused by a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors. Your genetics, chemical imbalances in the brain, traumatic events, and chronic stress can all contribute to the development of a mood disorder.
How are mood disorders diagnosed? A mental health professional like a psychiatrist will diagnose a mood disorder based on symptoms, medical history, physical exam, and sometimes lab tests. They may use criteria from the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders).
How are mood disorders treated? Treatment often involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes. For depression and bipolar disorder, medications like antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and antipsychotics can help regulate brain chemicals. Forms of psychotherapy like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy help patients develop coping skills. Getting enough sleep, eating healthy, exercising regularly, and minimizing stress also supports recovery.
If you are struggling with feelings of depression or mania, reach out to a doctor or mental health professional. With proper treatment, many people with mood disorders can manage their symptoms and lead fulfilling lives. Our caring team at Rejuvenate Hormone Clinic can provide comprehensive psychiatric assessment and develop an individualized treatment plan combining medication management and therapy. Contact us today to take the first step in feeling like yourself again!