Unexplained loss of muscle mass can be concerning and frustrating. As we age, it's normal to lose some muscle mass, but sudden or significant muscle loss should be evaluated by a doctor. There are several potential causes, both treatable and serious, that could lead to unintentional muscle wasting.
What causes unexplained muscle loss?
Some common causes include:
- Poor nutrition: Not getting enough calories, protein, vitamins and minerals can lead to muscle breakdown. Make sure your diet includes lean proteins like chicken, fish, eggs and beans.
- Inactivity: If you are bedridden or very sedentary, you may experience muscle loss. Do some strength training and get in some physical activity each day.
- Chronic diseases: Certain conditions like cancer, kidney disease, congestive heart failure, COPD, rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes can result in muscle wasting. Managing the underlying disease is key.
- Medications: Steroids, chemotherapy, antiseizure meds, antibiotics and diuretics may cause muscle loss as a side effect. Talk to your doctor about alternatives.
- Low testosterone: In men, low testosterone is a common cause of reduced muscle mass. Lab testing and hormone therapy may help.
- Poor absorption: Celiac disease, Crohn's disease and other absorption issues can lead to muscle loss. See a gastroenterologist if concerned.
- Excess stress: High cortisol from chronic stress can break down muscle tissue. Manage stress through meditation, therapy, exercise or medication.
- Aging: We naturally lose muscle mass and strength as we get older (1-2% per year after age 50). Stay active and consume enough protein to minimize normal age-related muscle loss.
When to see a doctor
See your physician if you are losing muscle rapidly or experiencing weakness. They can do tests to identify any underlying disorders and provide proper treatment. Some warning signs that warrant medical evaluation include:
- Losing more than 2 pounds of muscle per month - Feeling exhausted, even after rest - Increasing weakness that affects daily activities - Unintended weight loss - Difficulty swallowing or changes in voice - New swelling or lump in a muscle
Treatments for unexplained muscle wasting
Depending on the cause, treatments may include:
- Medications: Steroids, hormone therapy, or immunosuppressants - Dietary changes: High-protein shakes or supplements - Exercise: Strength training and physical therapy - Treating underlying condition: Chemo, radiation, surgery, or medication for chronic diseases
The sooner muscle loss is addressed, the better the outcome. If you notice sudden muscle changes, schedule an appointment with your primary care physician or a specialist like an endocrinologist. They can discover the root cause and help prevent further wasting.
Here at Rejuvenate Hormone Clinic, we specialize in treating muscle loss related to hormonal imbalances like low testosterone or high cortisol. Our comprehensive wellness plans combine bioidentical hormone therapy, fitness guidance, and nutritional counseling tailored to your needs. We partner with you to build strength, energy and vitality through evidence-based solutions. Contact us today to ask about a free consultation with one of our hormone health experts.